What is the main difference between ethnography and other types of participant observation?

2. The main difference between ethnography and other types of participant observation is:

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Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences

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3. Which best describes the results of a case study?

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Reading: Secondary Data AnalysisWhile sociologists often engage in original research studies, they also contribute knowledge to thediscipline throughsecondary data analysis. Secondary data don’t result from firsthand research collectedfrom primary sources, but are the already completed work of other researchers.One of the advantages of secondary data is that it is nonreactive research (or unobtrusive research),meaning that it does not include direct contact with subjects and will not alter or influence people’sbehaviors. Unlike studies requiring direct contact with people, using previously published data doesn’trequire entering a population and the investment and risks inherent in that research process.To guide the search through a vast library of materials and avoid wasting time reading unrelated sources,sociologists employcontent analysis,applying a systematic approach to record and value informationgleaned from secondary data as they relate to the study at hand.When conducting content analysis, it is important to consider the date of publication of an existing sourceand to take into account attitudes and common cultural ideals that may have influenced the research.Practice1. Which materials are considered secondary data?

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2. Using secondary data is considered an unobtrusive or ________ research method.

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Reading: Summary of Research Methods

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MethodImplementationAdvantagesChallengesSurveyQuestionnairesInterviewsYieldsmanyresponsesCan surveya largesampleQuantitative data areeasy tochartCan be timeconsumingCan be difficultto encourageparticipantresponseCaptures whatpeople think andbelieve but notnecessarily howthey behave inreal lifeField WorkObservationParticipantobservationEthnographyCase studyYieldsdetailed,accuratereal-lifeinformationTimeconsumingData captureshow peoplebehave but notwhat they thinkand believeQualitativedata is difficultto organizeExperimentDeliberatemanipulationof socialcustoms andmoresTestscause andeffectrelationshipsHawthorneEffectEthicalconcerns aboutpeople’s well-beingSecondary DataAnalysisAnalysis ofgovernmentdata (census,health, crimestatistics)Research ofhistoricdocumentsMakesgood use ofprevioussociologicalinformationData could befocused on apurpose otherthan yoursData can behard to find

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Understanding Statistics in the Behavioral Sciences

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Is participant observation and ethnography the same?

What distinguishes ethnography from other types of field research?

How is an ethnography different from simple observations?

How are ethnography and participant observation related?